The area under the finger and toenails. An area that can be examined for the presence of cyanosis and capillary refill.

A flexible tube, inserted through a nostril, used to help maintain an airway. Can usually be used in patients with a gag reflex.

Failure of a provider to deliver appropriate medical care. This is determined by comparing to the care that would be delivered by a provider of similar training and by comparing to the provider’s scope of practice.

Sometimes called spinal shock, this is a failure of the body to move sufficient blood to the tissues due to a spinal injury. Typically seen as flushed and dry skin, normal pulse, and low blood pressure.